Industrial Revolution

From boiling a kettle to working in an office, much of the modern world is shaped by the achievements of the Industrial Revolution. This six-part Open University/BBC series presented by Dan Cruickshank uncovers the scientific, technological and political changes of the 19th century that continue to impact on our lives today. From the world's first jigsaw portraying the infant Empire, to Stephenson's Rocket, to the making of modern medicine, urban living and the innovations of war, the series shows how - from 1760 to 1840 - the key ideas, principles and technologies which drive the modern world were developed. Through the stories of men and women who made it happen, the programmes uncover the inventive power, the sweeping vision and the astonishing ingenuity of this heroic and pioneering age. You can explore how the Industrial Revolution changed the landscape of Britain with the website's interactive Changing Landscape.

http://www.open.edu/openlearn/history-the-arts/history/heritage/industrial-revolution-changing-landscapes

Specific Topics

Communication

http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/victorians/victorian_technology_01.shtml#four

Trans Atlantic Telegraph Cable

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/primaryhistory/british_history/transatlantic_cable/

http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/first-transatlantic-telegraph-cable-completed

http://www.wired.co.uk/news/archive/2011-01/18/transatlantic-cables

http://atlantic-cable.com//

http://www.history-magazine.com/cable.html

http://www.theiet.org/resources/library/archives/featured/trans-cable1858.cfm

http://www.cntr.salford.ac.uk/comms/transatlanticstory.php

Morse Code

http://www.history.com/topics/inventions/telegraph

Church and the Industrial Revolution

http://worklife.clients.silaspartners.com/partner/Article_Display_Page/0,,PTID331328_CHID808482_CIID1346600,00.html

http://publishing.cdlib.org/ucpressebooks/view?docId=ft2d5nb1fm&chunk.id=d0e25187&toc.id=&brand=ucpress

http://www.varsityfaith.com/2011/02/church-attendance-industrial-revolution.html

http://www.religion-online.org/showchapter.asp?title=532&C=581

Impact of Methodism on the Industrial Revolution

https://www.christianhistoryinstitute.org/magazine/issue/christians-and-industrialization/

http://www.religion-online.org/showchapter.asp?title=532&C=581

William Booth and the Salvation Army

http://www.christianitytoday.com/ch/131christians/activists/williambooth.html

http://www.salvationarmy.org/ihq/history

http://spartacus-educational.com/REbooth.htm

William Booth and the Salvation Army.pdf

Coal Mining

Coalmining in Castlecomer

http://www.sip.ie/sip019B/index1.htm

This website is the culmination of two years work by a small Primary School in researching and presenting an area of Local History that has captured the imagination and interest of people for decades.

Coal Mining History Resource

http://www.cmhrc.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/

Ian Winstanley's excellent website includes the National Database of Mining Deaths and Injuries in Great Britain. At present it contains over 90,000 names from 1850 to 1914. It also includes the complete transcript of the 1842 Royal Comission Report, on the working conditions of children and young persons in the coalfields of Great Britain. The website also has details of over 1,000 indidual mining disasters in which five or more lives have been lost (1640 to 1978).

1750-1900 Coal and Steam Workbook

http://www.bclm.co.uk/media/learning/library/1750-to-1900-Coal-and-Steam-Workbook.pdf

Textile Industry

Play the Game:

Who Wants to Be a Cotton Millionaire?

Textile Industry

http://spartacus-educational.com/Textiles.htm

An encyclopedia of the Textile Industry in Britain between 1700 and 1900. The website includes information on the different aspects of the domestic system as well as the woolen, cotton, silk and linen industries. The website also features entries on twelve important textile inventions and biographies of inventors (16) and entrepreneurs (28). There is also a series of lessons available that simulates the debate that took placed in the 19th century on the morality and the economic value of child labour in textile factories.

When Cotton was King

http://www.bbc.co.uk/nationonfilm/topics/textiles/background_rise.shtml

Peterloo Massacre

http://www.cottontimes.co.uk/peterloo.htm

Railway

British Railway

http://www.makingthemodernworld.org.uk/stories/the_age_of_the_engineer/01.ST.04/?scene=9

The Growth and Impact of Railways

http://www.historyhome.co.uk/peel/railways/railways.htm

Navvies

http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/navvies.htm

http://railwayarchive.org.uk/stories/storycontents.php?enum=LE123

Railway Mania

http://www.victorianweb.org/technology/railways/fraud.html

Railway Workers, Railway Towns

http://www.victorianweb.org/technology/railways/fraud.html

Railways

http://spartacus-educational.com/railways.htm

A comprehensive encyclopedia of railways in Britain.

Underground Canal at Worsley

http://www.penninewaterways.co.uk/bridgewater/worsleydelph.htm

St. Pancras Station

http://travel.nytimes.com/2009/01/18/travel/18headsup.html

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/eurostar/3634630/St-Pancras-Station-A-Victorian-masterpiece-restored-to-splendour.html

http://www.urban75.org/london/st_pancras1.html

http://www.greatbuildings.com/buildings/S._Pancras_Station.html

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/london/7081809.stm

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YteYgFUg7oc

History and Preservation of St. Pancras Station Video:

Child Labour

Child Labour and the British Industrial Revolution

http://www.mackinac.org/3879

Child Labor in U.S. History

https://laborcenter.uiowa.edu/special-projects/child-labor-public-education-project/about-child-labor/child-labor-us-history

Child Labour

http://spartacus-educational.com/Twork.htm

The Plight of Women's Work in the Early

Industrial Revolution in England and Wales

www.womeninworldhistory.com/lesson7.html

1833 Factory Act

http://www.parliament.uk/about/living-heritage/transformingsociety/livinglearning/19thcentury/overview/factoryact/

http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/education/lessons/lesson13.htm

In 1833 the Government passed a Factory Act to improve conditions for children working in factories.

The Workhouse

http://www.workhouses.org.uk/

In the17th and 18th centuries, the parish workhouse in Britain was a place where - often in return for board and lodging - employment was provided for the destitute. Parish workhouses were often just ordinary local houses, rented for the purpose. This website is devoted to the history of the workhouse and includes sections on the Poor Laws, 1601 Act, 1834 Act, Poor Law Unions, Workhouse Life, Workhouse Memories and a Workhouse Tour.

Crime in the Industrial Revolution

http://crimepunishmentindustrialrev.weebly.com/

http://www.secretshropshire.org.uk/content/learn/crime/

Society and Culture

http://www.revolutionaryplayers.org.uk/theme_cul_soc.stm

Luddites

http://www.cottontimes.co.uk/luddo.htm

http://spartacus-educational.com/PRluddites.htm

British Trade Unions

http://spartacus-educational.com/TU.htm

An encyclopedia of the British Trade Union movement in Britain between 1700 and 1945. The website includes entries on important events and issues (8), labour journals and newspapers (16), major trade unions (8), trade union legislation (12) and biographies of trade union leaders (42). The text within each entry is linked to other relevant pages in the encyclopedia. In this way it is possible to research individual people and events in great detail. The sources are also hyper-linked so the student is able to find out about the writer, artist, newspaper and organization that produced the material.

19th Century City

http://www.st-andrews.ac.uk/~city19c/viccity/home.html

Phillip Mallett is Senior Lecturer in English at the University of St Andrews. He is also the creator of an impressive website on the 19th Century City. The material is organized under the headings: Population, Railways & Transport, the Great Exhibition, Housing & Health, Work, Education, Law & Order, Fashion, Architecture, Women, Wives and Widows.

Industrial Revolution British City Game

Requires Flashplayer

http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/interactive/games/victorian_muckbrass/index_embed.shtml

Inventions

Innovations of the Industrial Revolution

http://industrialrevolution.sea.ca/innovations.html

Inventors of the Industrial Revolution Period

http://www.blupete.com/Literature/Biographies/Science/Inventors.htm

Paddle Steamship Animation

Stephenson's Rocket Animation

The Blast Furnace Animation

The Spinning Mill Animation

Winding Gear Animation

Beam Engine Animation

Agriculture

http://www.yale.edu/ynhti/curriculum/units/1981/2/81.02.06.x.html

Agricultural Revolution

http://www.schoolshistory.org.uk/agriculturalrevolution.htm

Agricultural Revolution Summary

http://www.schoolhistory.co.uk/year9links/agricultural_summary.shtml

A brief explanation based on this site. Provides a summary and background to the Agricultural Revolution that can then lead on to further research.

Enclosure

http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O48-AgriculturalRevolution.html

Slavery/Abolition

Abolition Debate

http://scholar.library.miami.edu/slaves/slave_trade/individual_essays/dan.html

http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/abolition/parliament_article_01.shtml

A Brief History of Slavery

http://www.religioustolerance.org/slavery.htm

A huge timeline and history of the slave trade and racism

http://innercity.org/holt/slavechron.htm

"It was capitalism that introduced chattel-slavery. "In the welter of philosophical arguments for and against the slave trade, the one cogent and inescapable argument in favor of it is easily hidden: in spite of its risks, illegality, and blighted social status, slave trading was enormously profitable. Despite the popular assertion that free labor was cheaper, the price of slaves continued to go up and to compensate for the risks of the trade." - (The Slaver's Log Book, original manuscript by Captain Theophilus Conneau, Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1976, p. iv.) (On Slavery By Femi Akomolafe. 1994, The retrospective history of Africa, Hartford Web Publishing) "

On Slavery by Femi Akomolafe

http://www.hartford-hwp.com/archives/30/013.htm

http://www.hartford-hwp.com/archives/30/144.html

"Gretchen Gerzina, in her brilliant book, Black England, published in 1995, adds that: "By 1596, there were so many black people in England that Queen Elizabeth I [who herself participated in the slave trade and benefited greatly from it] issued an edict demanding that they leave.

"At that time, slaves provided a lifetime of wageless labour for the cost of the initial purchase, and increased the status of the owner. Alarmed that they might be taking jobs and goods away from English citizens... the Queen issued another ineffectual edict, then finally commissioned a Lubeck merchant, Casper van Senden, to cart them off in 1601."

Some of them were shipped out to the New World. But not all. As Gerzina's research showed, 167 years after Queen Elizabeth had shipped out the Africans, "in 1768 Granville Sharp and others put the number of black servants in London [alone] at 20,000, out of a total London population of 676,250." So where are the descendants of these African "servants"?

Hugh Thomas tells how in 1799, the then British prime minister, William Pitt (a great abolitionist himself) had taunted the anti-abolitionists during a debate in the House of Commons: "On this occasion," Thomas reveals, "[Pitt] said ironically that the opponents of abolition evidently thought that 'the blood of these poor negroes was to continue flowing; it was dangerous to stop it because it had run so long; besides, we were under contract with certain surgeons to allow them a certain supply of human bodies every year for them to try experiments on, and this we did out of pure love of science'." "

Sewers of London

https://scheong.wordpress.com/2011/06/20/plumbing-the-depths-joseph-bazalgette-and-the-great-stink-of-london/

http://www.swopnet.com/engr/londonsewers/londontext3.html

http://7ww.org/listing/london-sewerage-system/

Great Exhibition

http://www.bl.uk/learning/histcitizen/victorians/exhibition/greatexhibition.html Excellent slideshow and information.

http://www.vam.ac.uk/page/g/great-exhibition/ Excellent resource.

http://www.victorianweb.org/victorian/history/1851/index.html Comprehensive detailed site.

People of the Industrial Revolution

John Newton

http://www.johnnewton.org/Groups/31932/The_John_Newton/About_John_Newton/About_John_Newton.aspx

http://www.christianitytoday.com/ch/131christians/pastorsandpreachers/newton.html